During this age, they experience lots of accountability, together with caring for human development essay youngsters, and women expertise menopause. Due to an impact of the disease Janet is experiencing difficulties in assembly his own bodily needs. Children continually build more advanced understandings of their environment Broadhead certified writers online. Everybody needs to communicate to learn and educate, as acknowledged by Joseph et al, human development essay. The centre is bright, cheerful and airy and collects shoppers from their homes and returns them at the finish of the day.
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Home — Essay Samples — Economics — Human Development — The theories on human development. Any subject. Any type of essay. In the history of psychology, there have been many different fields of interest. Human development, especially, has been one of the interesting fields of study for many psychologists. Freud, Erikson, and Piaget are all great theorists with similar, but different, ideas of human development essay development. Their theories on human development had human beings passing through different stages as aging. Although the three theorists have common relations that they developed their ideas and theory stages for human development through human development essay lifespan, each theory represents own uniqueness on what these stages were and what they focus on and where they relate human development too.
Freud is known as the father of psychology. According to Freud, he believed that human development was fueled by inner forces Essay UK, He believed our sexual being was the most powerful of all inner forces throughout human development. That being said, Freud linked everything with sex. Erikson developed his theory inspired by Freud, human development essay. Not only Erickson focused on child development, but he also added stages for the adult years. He focused on identity rather than sexuality, unlike Freud. He is also known for his eight stages of life; trust versus mistrust, autonomy versus shame and doubt, human development essay, initiative versus guilt, human development essay, industry versus inferiority, identity versus identity confusion, intimacy versus isolation, generativity versus stagnation, and integrity versus despair Berger, Piaget also believed in developmental theory like Freud and Erikson.
Her stages are recognized as the cognitive stages. These stages are based on what the child can do. According to Piaget, a child passes human development essay four stages as growing up. Piaget believes the four stages of development which is known as the sensorimotor stage, the preoperational stage, the concrete operational stage, and the formal operational stage Berger, These three theories on human development each have their own good points and frauds. In other words, each of these human development essay has some value because they are not totally wrong but also are known to receive some criticism as theory is not a science, thus cannot be applied to some cases.
To make a conclusion, Although each theory of Freud, Erickson, and Piaget is similar in its timetable and sequence of life events, they are differed by their own focuses. Remember: This is just a sample from a fellow student. Starting from 3 hours delivery. Sorry, copying is not allowed on our website. We will occasionally send you account related emails. This essay is not unique. Sorry, we could not paraphrase this essay. Our professional writers can rewrite it and get you a unique paper. Want us to write one just for you? We use cookies to personalyze your web-site experience.
This essay has been submitted by a student. This is not an example of the work written by professional essay writers. Get help with writing. Pssst… we can write an original essay just for you. Your time is important. Get essay help. Related Essays John Santrock's Theories on Human Development Essay. The Middle Age Stage of Development and the Theories to Understand the Stage of Human Development Essay. The psychological model of attatchment theory Essay. Human Development in Africa Essay. Self-Realization Is In Human development essay Moment Essay. Human Resource Development Essay.
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Cohen Nevertheless, the common impression of a new born baby is one of uncoordinated lack of ability and overall weakness. Movement of their body reveals weakness in the muscles and deficiency in coordination, and takes a number of weeks before the baby can lift their head in an appropriate posture. A child develops various motor skills progressively with time. These skills are attained by a child within a considerable age bracket for example some children start moving with their hands by 5 months while others as late as 12 months. The pioneer of maturational theories is a psychologist by the name Arnold Gesell who studied motor activity of infants up to the age of nine Thomas Gesell concluded that motor development takes place in two directions. The first direction is known as the cephalocaudal trend and begins from the upper part of the body to the lower parts.
He stated that movement starts from the head, to the arms and trunk, then finally to the legs. The subsequent direction is the proximodistal motor trend. This begins from the centre of the body outwards to the peripheral parts. In other words head, trunk and the pelvic girdle gain impulses before the limbs and their joints. The above two direction of motor development, fronted Gesell to the opinion that maturation solely shapes the motor development. McGraw conducted a research on identity twins and established that training accelerated motor development.
First, the fact that the development of motor skills exhibit gradual but progressive behaviour does not necessarily mean it is a genetic characteristic. This can be proven by professional skills which are acquired gradually from simple practice to a professional level, but there is no evidence to suggest any links to genetics. Maturational theory does not elaborate why disparity exists among individuals in attaining motor abilities Thomas The shortcomings of the maturational theories led to the development of dynamic systems theory. The dynamic system theory holds the opinion that infants develop skills in diverse ways.
Dynamic system theory ties motor development to a vibrant and advanced interaction of three key factors- growth of the nervous system, body abilities, and environmental constraints and sustainability. In spite of the criticism of the maturational theories, experts have demonstrated that motor skills are acquired both at early infancy age and throughout life. According to Piaget, children shape their own development. Piaget stated that children learn to adjust to their surrounding and because of the cognitive adaptations they gain the capacity to understand their environment.
Adaptation is common to all living things and children are not left out. Children continually build more advanced understandings of their environment Broadhead Piaget asserts that for a child to acclimatize to a particular surrounding, two important processes are necessary; assimilation and accommodation. Assimilation entails treating everything around as if they are familiar. For instance infants always put everything they are given in their mouth since the only activity the acquitted to is suckling. They also treat everybody they meet in the same manner White Similar situation applies when a child meets new people; she has to adjust her way of thinking to understand the new person.
Accommodation and assimilation takes place at the infancy stage and the instances above shows how accommodation and assimilation can take place simultaneously Saxton However, cognitive structures changes to enable the infant acclimatise to the new challenges a head. Miller Piaget categorized four stages of human development, each with distinctive characteristics. Sensorimotor stage occurs from delivery to about 2 years. It is the most remarkable and dramatic stage of development. A child is transformed from a helpless new born baby to the thinking and knowing baby cognitive individual.
Pre-operational stage takes over from the sensorimotor period up to seven years. A child at this stage is capable of solving practical problems by use of tools intelligently and by support of the adult members. The child is also capable of communicating and representing information and thoughts through symbols. Children at this stage are egocentric and have illogical way of thinking Thomas Concrete operational stage occurs between seven to eleven years. One of the main characteristic of this stage is centration. A child tends to focus more on one facet of a situation leaving out others.
Last but not the least is the operational stage which occurs at eleven years. At this stage a child is capable of solving problems related to the physical world, but the only constraint here is to do with the sphere of potential. Lev Semenovich Vygotsky lived in the same era as Piaget. For example, children initially use language at a competently during social interactions; later on they internalize and rearrange it. Daniels We hire highly-qualified academic professionals who deliver the kind of content that our clients always desire. Your email address will not be published. Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. Skip to content You explored several theories of human development including a psychodynamic theory advanced by Freud which was later built upon by Erikson.
The post Theories of human development appeared first on Academic Essay Genius Get Impressive Scores in Your Class. CLICK HERE TO GET YOUR PAPER Our writers are the best in the academic writing industry. When it comes to other equally essential elements of human well-beings such as cultural freedom, security, human interactions, it becomes very difficult to conceptualise these categories and equally difficult to measure them. Essay , Human Development. Related Articles: Development: Short Essay on Development Development: Essay on Human Development Human Development: Various Measurements and Meanings of Human Development Human Development: Evaluation of Human Development Approach. Drop files here or. Development: Criticism of Growth Oriented Theories of Development. Human Development: Evaluation of Human Development Approach.
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