This is by far the most important thing which one needs to do. This has led to higher rate of tropical storms in the Caribbean. This flood develops slowly and may last from a few days to weeks. About The Author, essay on floods. The water levels in the rivers and oceans rise due to heavy rain.
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We cannot prevent these, but we can somewhat minimize the destruction in the future. To do that, we need to understand the different causes, types, and consequences of the flood. Various natural and unnatural events lead to flooding conditions. The natural causes include heavy rainfall, earthquakes , and tsunamis. Climate change is responsible for triggering torrential rains. More than average levels of rain can cause floods. The water levels in the rivers and oceans rise due to heavy rain. In some areas, water from the sewers starts flowing on the streets. When there is an overflow of water from the reservoirs, the nearby areas get affected by the flood.
Often dams, which control the reservoir water, break open. This can submerge the low lying areas. There have been cases where earthquakes have caused tsunamis. This can lead to flooding in the coastal zones. Global warming is one of the unnatural causes of floods. Top ice covers of the mountains melt, and glacier sheets collapse. This further increases the seawater content and leads to floods. There are several kinds of floods. Before you step ahead and make plans for its control, you need to have a better understanding of its types. This is because each of them has its own sets of cause, damage, and preventive measures. Floods can be classified into three different types-surge floods, fluvial floods, and pluvial floods. Fluvial Floods: Fluvial floods are also known as river floods. They happen when water overflows from rivers, lakes, and streams to the nearby shores and land regions.
Increased snowing, ice melting, and heavy rainfalls can lead to fluvial floods. The damage from fluvial floods can be far-reaching as it can cause dams and dikes to break and submerge the nearby areas. Surge Floods: Surge floods are also known as coastal floods. Floods that arise in the coastal areas because of storm surges and tidal changes are called surge floods. High winds from a windstorm, tsunami, or hurricane create surges and force water to the low-lying shores. During high tides, surge floods are at their most devastating state. Pluvial Floods: Pluvial floods are also the outcome of heavy rainfall.
However, they are independent of the overflowing water bodies and can even happen in areas far from the water bodies. Pluvial floods are of two types- surface water floods and flash floods. Floods are undoubtedly destructive, and they disrupt our lives. Mass destruction of lives, infrastructure, properties, and vegetation is a common sight after the floods. Most of the survivors get injured. Also, they can remove sand from farmland making it difficult to grow crops. Aside from the above, flooding also contaminates clean water causing diseases and ailments.
Governments around the world can reduce the risk of flooding by building a solid drainage system. We as individuals could also help by stopping drainage blockage. Any dry land filled by excess water is called flood. It is a natural calamity caused due to several factors. The reasons for floods can be natural and unnatural caused due to human activities. When there is excessive rainfall in river banks and coastal areas, there is an increase in water level which leads to overflow of water into the nearby dry land. Also, natural calamities like earthquakes cause Tsunami in oceans which leads to flooding of lands close to beaches.
In heavily populated cities, due to congested buildings and roadways, flooding happens as there is not enough room for water to drain. In such cases clogged drainages lead to even more flooding of the area. Global warming has resulted in the melting of glaciers which increase water levels of rivers and flooding of river banks. Deforestation also plays a major role in flooding. Floods cause large scale destruction to life and property. Buildings, roads and bridges are heavily damaged. Vast acres of crops are destroyed. Arable lands turn barren and clogged with salts. Countless homes and cattle get washed away. All electronic and digital communication seizes.
Many lives are lost. And it does not stop there. Post flood, there is a huge risk in the spreading of water borne diseases. Scarcity of food and basic necessities arises. On the whole, floods cause multiple hardships and turn the livelihood of affected people upside-down. Effective weather forecasting systems are to be maintained by the Government for timely intimation and evacuation of flood prone areas which will greatly help in keeping the many losses due to floods in check. Flood is a natural disaster that involves overflowing of water over a region of land that is dry under usual conditions.
It submerges the area with water. They are the most common kind of weather-related disasters and are a costly hazard. The level of flood can vary a lot — from a few inches to a level that goes up to meters high like a roof level of a house. The causes of floods are many. They can happen during heavy rains when the drainage system is unable to handle the amount of rain fall. It can also happen even if low levels of rain occur continuously for many days. Floods can occur when the snow melts as temperature changes and it can result in bulk movement of water in the plains.
Rivers can overflow sometimes and create flood in the neighboring regions. They can also be a result of breaking of dam which can flood the nearby areas. There has been increase in the frequency of floods recently. Because of global warming, the average temperature of sea has increased significantly. This has led to higher rate of tropical storms in the Caribbean. It is also responsible for increase in sea level because of melting of ice caps and glaciers. Floods cause large-scale loss to life and great damage to properties. Floods cause severe damage to agricultural regions of the affected area. There is loss of life of humans as well as animals. People and the government both suffer from loss in financial terms. Re-building of affected areas takes a lot of time and money.
In India, there are many regions which are affected by floods. Some of these are the Gangetic plains, coastal Andhra Pradesh and Orissa, Brahmaputra valley and South Gujarat. Within this year, more than 70 lakh people were affected by floods in India. Flood is one of the recurring natural disasters which is an outcome of above average rainfall and accumulation of excessive water in every living area. Floods may occur due to overflow of water from the reservoirs or due to heavy down pour of rain in places where the drainage systems are not properly maintained. Although the causes of floods are varied, most of the causes can be managed if not prevented. Another primary factor of Flood is increase in the atmospheric temperature i.
Global Warming brings instability in the climatic condition of the earth, where one part of the world experiences floods and the other goes through drought. Floods mostly disrupt the normalcy of living things on the planet. Floods are a great threat to the living things; floods also make way for mosquitoes to thrive thereby leading to all communicable diseases such as malaria, Dengue etc. Another impact of floods is loss of drinking water. Floods also lead to power cuts, damage of crops and soil erosion. Floods can also have an economic backslide, thus putting the country at risk. To ensure the meteorological departments are well equipped to provide flood warnings to the indicated zones. Flood resilient homes with efficiency to waterproof homes and moving electric sockets which moves higher as the flood rises.
Stop encroaching of river beds and allowing the rivers to take its natural course can drastically bring down floods. Water storing areas such as ponds, lakes and other water reservoirs should be maintained. Floods can be avoided by improving the soil conditions thereby allowing easy water absorption. Flood barriers can be used as a defense during Flood crisis. Floods can either occur naturally or they can be facilitated by environmental factors that destruct the flow of water. Flood incidences have increased due to global warming. Global warming is associated with intense climatic changes like heavy storms, snowing and raised sea water levels. These changes in climate contribute to flooding. A flood is the spilling of water on dry land surfaces and causes it to submerge.
It occurs when water overflows from the water bodies beyond its usual boundaries. Floods are destructive to the environment. There are three main types of floods. Surge floods are floods that occur in the coast regions due to surges and tidal changes that occur in the sea or ocean. Hurricanes and storm surges on the sea or ocean can cause minor, moderate or major floods. The extent or severity of the floods are determined by the strength, size, speed and directions of the surges. Surge flood are usually severe and massively destructive.
Another type of floods is fluvial floods that occurs due to overflow of rivers. Rivers overflow due to heavy rains that increase water levels in rivers beyond its capacity therefore resulting in floods. Heavy snowing can also cause fluvial floods when the ice melts. Fluvial floods are risky when dams are involved because the increased levels of water in rivers creates immense pressure that cause increase pressure on the walls of dams and cause breakage which results in excessive flooding and environmental destruction. The other type of floods is pluvial floods. Pluvial floods are caused by surface water as a result of heavy rainfall. Pluvial floods are destructive because they disrupt the drainage systems and cause an overflow which affects structures.
Pluvial flooding occurs together with surge floods and fluvial floods. Although pluvial flooding does not involve a lot of water, it causes massive destruction of the environment and the infrastructure. Floods occur naturally due to some environmental factors. Heavy rains can cause an overflow of water form water bodies. Breakage of water body boundaries like riverbanks or walls of dams. Catastrophes like tsunamis and surges in storms cause heavy flooding. During heavy rains the lack of vegetation on the surface of the earth. Foods are destructive in nature and have negative impacts on the environment and the ecosystem.
Floods cause death of living things and humans. Destruction of property and infrastructure negatively affects the economy of the region affected and economic activities are at a standstill due to disrupted livelihoods. Migrations from areas that are prone to floods is common, which results in overpopulation in urban areas. Financial constraints are experienced due to the rehabilitations from flood destructions. Prevention of floods that result from natural causes is a challenge. In conclusion, it is evident that floods are destructive. The adverse effects of floods affects normal livelihood and the environment. Flood is one of the natural calamities which is known to wreck a lot of havoc. There are so many different instances wherein floods are known to damage the whole area and bring massive loss of life and property as well.
Of course, there can be a lot of different cases of floods. Some of the key ones among them are as follows. Heavy rains: owing to climate changes, many a times, it so happen that it rains torrentially. If the rain is much above normal, it can lead to flooding. Broken dams: Dams help in keeping the water level in check. If the dams get broken sometimes, it is likely to lead to flood. Tsunami: Natural calamities like tsunami is likely to create problems of flood and can bring massive loss of life and property. Global warming: Owing to the increase in global temperature, the ice cap is melting and the increased level of water in the river bed is going to cause a flood. Of course, there can be a lot of other reasons too which leads to flood and it is important to keep an eye on the water levels to issue a warning well in time.
Now that we know the key causes which leads to flood, let us focus on some of the best mitigation measures which you can take to steer clear of this problem. This is by far the most important thing which one needs to do. It is important to have a sound flood warning system in place. When you have a dedicated system, it can help warn people who can move to higher altitude or take the right steps. Owing to the excessive development work which we have been carried out and harming the environment, too many rivers have diverted from their natural courses. This is another important reason for excessive flood. So, the right thing to do is to help in restoring the rivers to their natural course as it may prevent flood.
Action must be taken to cure the problem of global warming as it is definitely the cause of too many natural disasters. By choosing to cut the level of air and water pollution and minimizing the use of non bio-degradable products, we may be able to directly or indirectly help in controlling the problem of flood and its aftermath. While flood is a natural calamity which may sometime come unannounced, it is important that we construct buildings in accordance with the modern technical advancements. The buildings should be so made that they are above the flood levels and they should be sturdy enough to withstand flood as well. So, these are some of the important points which you should keep in mind. While some of them are ways by which we can prevent the implication and aftermath of flood, a few of them would help in preventing its occurrence as well.
Whenever any calamity occurs, it is important to do your bit to create awareness. The kind of destruction which can happen is whopping. By knowing about it a little ahead of time helps people be better prepared for it. The bottom line remains the fact that we should all try and minimize the negative impact we are having on the environment. Doing this will ensure that we will be able to curtail the frequency of natural disasters like flood. Flood is simply defined as the overflow of a very huge quantity of water that covers a very large area of land and leads to the destruction of land and properties and sometimes lives in the areas that are affected.
A lot of regions in the world experience flooding every year. A flood basically occurs when there is excessive rain and there is no proper or good drainage system. The amount of flood is different from place to place and the extent of destruction also varies. For the overflow of water to be classified as flood, the area of land affected has to be mostly dry. Flooding can also happen as a result of water overflowing from bodies of water like lakes, oceans and rivers. Floods cause mass destruction. The effects and destruction caused by flood can take many years to fix and repair. As discussed earlier, flood is mostly caused by an extended period of rain.
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